Ubwumvikane buke hagati y’ubutegetsi bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) n’ubwa Angola ku mushinga w’ibiganiro by’amahoro bigamije guhuza Abanye-Congo bukomeje gutera impaka muri dipolomasi y’akarere, aho impande zombi zigaragaza kutavuga rumwe ku bibazo by’ingenzi birebana n’abagomba kwitabira ibyo biganiro, aho byabera ndetse n’uruhare rw’ibihugu byo mu karere mu bibazo bya Congo.
Mu mpera za 2025, Angola yatangiye ibiganiro n’inzego zitandukanye za Congo mu rwego rwo gutegura gahunda yagombaga guhuza Abanye-Congo baturuka mu nzego za politiki, iza gisivile ndetse n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro kugira ngo bashakire hamwe ibisubizo ibibazo by’umutekano na politiki bimaze imyaka myinshi bibangamiye igihugu.
Muri icyo gihe, ubuyobozi bwa Angola bwumvise ibitekerezo by’abafatwa nk’abavuga rikijyana muri Congo, harimo n’abahagarariye Kiliziya Gatolika ndetse n’Itorero Angilikani, kugira ngo bushobore gutegura umurongo wagenderwaho mu biganiro byari biteganyijwe kubera i Luanda.
Nyuma y’inama zitandukanye Perezida João Lourenço yagiranye na Perezida Félix Tshisekedi mu ntangiriro za 2026, Angola yateguye inyandiko y’impapuro 21 yasobanuraga uko ibiganiro by’Abanye-Congo byagombaga kugenda n’uburyo byatanga ibisubizo birambye ku bibazo byugarije igihugu.
Muri iyo nyandiko, Angola yagaragaje ko ibiganiro byari bikwiye guhuza abantu 90 baturuka mu byiciro bitandukanye. Muri bo, 30 bari guhagararira ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Tshisekedi, abandi 30 bagahagararira abatavuga rumwe na Leta barimo abanyapolitiki ndetse n’abafashe intwaro, mu gihe abandi 30 bari guhagararira sosiyete sivile.
Luanda yagaragaje ko ikibazo cya Congo kidashobora gukemurwa binyuze mu guheza bamwe mu bagize igihugu, ahubwo ko bisaba ibiganiro byimbitse birimo impande zose zifite uruhare mu bibazo by’umutekano n’ibya politiki.
Ni muri urwo rwego Angola yatanze igitekerezo cy’uko imitwe nka CRP/FRP ya Thomas Lubanga, AFC/M23 ndetse n’abarwanyi ba Wazalendo na bo bakwemererwa kugira uruhare muri gahunda yo kubaka amahoro no kwinjizwa mu nzego zimwe na zimwe z’igihugu zirimo iz’umutekano.
Angola kandi yashimangiye ko kugira ngo ibiganiro bigire amahirwe yo gutanga umusaruro, hakenewe kubanza kubakwa icyizere hagati y’impande zose. Mu ngamba zifasha kubaka icyo cyizere harimo kurekura bamwe mu mfungwa za politiki, gukuraho ibihano byafatiwe bamwe mu banyapolitiki no kubahiriza agahenge hagati y’impande zifitanye amakimbirane.
Icyo gihugu cyifuzaga kandi ko Perezida João Lourenço aba umuterankunga mukuru n’umuhuzabikorwa w’ibi biganiro, akagira uruhare mu gutumira abazabyitabira, kugenzura imyiteguro yabyo no kuyobora umuhango wo kubitangira no kubisoza.
Nyuma y’itangizwa ryabyo, Angola yifuzaga ko umuhuza washyizweho n’Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe, Faure Essozimna Gnassingbé, afatanyije n’abahuza b’inararibonye barimo Olusegun Obasanjo wahoze ayobora Nigeria na Uhuru Kenyatta wahoze ayobora Kenya, bakomeza kuyobora ibiganiro kugeza ku musozo wabyo.
Muri uwo mushinga kandi, Luanda yagaragaje ko nubwo ibiganiro byatangirira muri Angola, nta kibazo cyaba kirimo niba umuhango wo kubisoza ndetse no gusinyira amasezerano y’amahoro wabera i Kinshasa, mu rwego rwo guha agaciro ubusugire bwa Congo no gutuma Abanye-Congo bumva ko ari bo bafite uburenganzira bwuzuye kuri gahunda y’amahoro.
Icyakora, uko iyo nyandiko yagendaga isuzumwa i Kinshasa ni ko kutumvikana kwarushagaho kwigaragaza. Abayobozi ba RDC bagaragaje ko batishimiye ingingo nyinshi ziyikubiyemo, cyane cyane uburyo Angola yabonaga ikibazo cy’umutekano mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo ndetse n’uko itagaragazaga u Rwanda nk’impamvu nyamukuru y’ibibazo igihugu gihura na byo nk’uko Kinshasa ibivuga.
Leta ya Perezida Tshisekedi yanze byimazeyo igitekerezo cyo gutumira AFC/M23 muri ibyo biganiro, ivuga ko uwo ari umurongo utukura idashobora kurenga. Uretse AFC/M23, Kinshasa yanagaragaje ko Joseph Kabila wahoze ari Perezida wa RDC atagomba kugira uruhare muri ibyo biganiro nyuma y’uko yakatiwe igihano cy’urupfu muri Nzeri 2025.
Kutavuga rumwe kw’impande zombi kwarushijeho gukomera nyuma y’ibaruwa Perezida Tshisekedi yoherereje Angola tariki ya 14 Gicurasi 2026 binyuze mu ntumwa ye yihariye Sumbu Sita Mambu. Muri iyo baruwa, RDC yagaragaje ko ibiganiro byose bireba Abanye-Congo bikwiye gutegurwa kandi bikayoborwa n’ubuyobozi bwa Congo ubwayo.
Abo muri Guverinoma ya RDC bagaragaza ko batishimira ingingo nyinshi, banagaragaza ko Angola idatunga urutoki u Rwanda bihagije.
Kinshasa yasabye ko ibyo biganiro byakwitabirwa n’abantu bagera kuri 500 baturuka mu nzego zitandukanye, aho kuba 90 nk’uko Angola yari yabiteganyije. Yanifuje ko ibiganiro byabera gusa i Kinshasa kandi ko mu ngingo zaganirwaho hajyamo no kuvugurura Itegeko Nshinga.
Muri uwo mushinga wa RDC, hanavugwaga ko hashyirwaho ubutegetsi bw’inzibacyuho Perezida Tshisekedi yakomeza kuyobora kugeza igihe habereye amatora y’umukuru w’igihugu mushya.
Amakuru atandukanye yagaragaje ko Angola itishimiye igisubizo cya RDC, cyane cyane kubera ko cyakuragamo bamwe mu banyapolitiki n’amatsinda Luanda yabonaga ko afite uruhare rukomeye mu gushaka ibisubizo birambye. Angola yabonaga ko guheza AFC/M23 na Joseph Kabila bishobora gutuma ibiganiro bibura uburemere kandi ntibitange ibisubizo byifuzwa.
Ikindi cyarakaje Luanda ni uko igisubizo cya Kinshasa cyageze nyuma y’amezi abiri Angola ishyikirije RDC inyandiko yayo. Ku ruhande rwa Angola, icyo gihe kinini cyafashwe nk’ikimenyetso cyerekana ubushake buke bwa politiki bwo gukomeza uwo mushinga.
Nubwo umwuka utari mwiza hagati y’impande zombi, Perezida João Lourenço yakomeje kwifashisha inzira za dipolomasi. Tariki ya 20 Gicurasi 2026 yohereje ubundi butumwa i Kinshasa, nubwo ibikubiyemo bitigeze bishyirwa ahagaragara.
Abasesenguzi ba politiki bavuga ko aya makimbirane agaragaza uburyo ikibazo cya Congo gikomeje kuba ingorabahizi ku rwego rw’akarere, aho ibihugu byifuza amahoro ariko bikagira imyumvire itandukanye ku bagomba kugira uruhare mu kuyashaka no ku buryo ayo mahoro ashobora kugerwaho.
Mu gihe ibiganiro bikomeje hagati ya Luanda na Kinshasa, amaso y’abaturage ba Congo ndetse n’ay’umuryango mpuzamahanga akomeje kureba niba impande zombi zizashobora kubona umurongo zihuriraho ushobora gufungura urugi rw’ibiganiro by’amahoro birambye kandi bihuza Abanye-Congo bose.
Tubibutse ko mushobora gukomeza kudukurikirana ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.
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