Urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda rwari rumaze imyaka hafi ine ruyobowe n’Ingabo za RPA, rwafashe indi ntera ikomeye muri Mata 1994 ubwo Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yatangiraga ku mugaragaro mu gihugu hose. Mu gihe hirya no hino habonekaga ubwicanyi ndengakamere bwakorwaga n’Interahamwe, abasirikare ba Ex-FAR n’abajandarume, ingabo za RPA zasanze zifite inshingano ebyiri zikomeye icyarimwe: gutsinda urugamba no gutabara abaturage bicwaga bazira uko bavutse.
Mu bo ibyo bihe byagizeho ingaruka zikomeye harimo Brig Gen Patrick Karuretwa, ubu uvugira Ingabo z’u Rwanda. Ku wa 5 Nyakanga 2026, yavuze uko yabonye Jenoside n’amaso ye akiri umusirikare muto utarageza ku myaka 20 y’amavuko, ndetse anasobanura uburyo ijambo rimwe ry’ubuyobozi bwa RPA ryahagaritse umujinya wari gutuma bamwe mu basirikare bihorera.
Tariki ya 7 Mata 1994 ni bwo Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yatangiye ku mugaragaro nyuma y’ihanurwa ry’indege yari itwaye Perezida Juvénal Habyarimana. Icyo gihe RPA yari ifite abasirikare muri CND i Kigali ndetse n’izindi ngabo zari ku rugamba mu bice bitandukanye by’igihugu.
Karuretwa yavuze ko uko bagendaga berekeza i Kigali ari bwo batangiye guhura n’ibimenyetso bibabaje bya Jenoside.
Yagize ati: “Nibuka tugeze za Nyacyonga tugana i Kigali ni bwo ibimenyetso bya Jenoside byatangiye kugaragara kuri njyewe, ubona imirambo n’uburyo babaga bishwe, ibyo twumvaga kuri za BBC, ku turadiyo noneho tubibona imbere yacu. Kandi ubwo muri twebwe harimo n’abasirikare bari baraturutse mu Rwanda hano, uko twakomezaga babonaga imirambo y’imiryango yabo ya bugufi; abo bavukanaga, ababyeyi, ba fiancées se, tubibona gutyo.”
Aya mashusho y’ubugome n’ubwicanyi yakanguye umujinya mwinshi mu basirikare benshi ba RPA. Bamwe babonaga imirambo y’ababyeyi babo, abavandimwe n’inshuti zabo. Ku musirikare wari ufite imbunda kandi waratojwe kurwana, igitekerezo cya mbere cyashoboraga kuba ukwihorera.
Karuretwa yemeye ko na we yari muri abo.
Ati: “Reka nkubwize ukuri nk’umusirikare mutoya icyo gihe, nari ntarageza n’imyaka 20 icyo gihe. Umujinya wo kumva ko abakoze ibyo twabonaga icyo gihe bagombaga guhita bicwa na bo, abenshi ni ko twabyumvaga icyo gihe. Twari dufite imbunda, twarigishijwe kurasa, turi indwanyi.”
Yakomeje asobanura urujijo rwari mu mitima ya bamwe mu basirikare bato bari ku rugamba.
Ati: “Njyewe nibuka hari mugenzi wanjye nabajije nti ‘Ariko ko batwigishije imbunda, kurwana, kugira ngo twice umwanzi, twice abanzi, umwanzi utari uwakoze ibi ni nde? Abakoze ibi niba atari umwanzi ni nde?’ Ariko icyizere twari dufitiye abatuyoboraga n’Umugaba w’Ikirenga, ijambo ‘Afande yavuze’ ni itegeko.”
Nubwo umujinya wari mwinshi, ubuyobozi bwa RPA bwafashe icyemezo gikomeye cyahindutse ishingiro ry’igisirikare cy’u Rwanda cy’ubu. Abasirikare bategetswe kutihorera no kudahana abaturage cyangwa abantu ku giti cyabo bazira ibyo abandi bakoze.
Karuretwa yavuze ko icyo cyemezo cyasabaga umutima ukomeye cyane, cyane cyane ku basirikare bari bamaze kubona amahano Jenoside yasize inyuma.
Ati: “Umujinya wari uhari, njyewe nakubwiza ukuri, narawinjiranye i Kigali hano, ariko ‘Afande yavuze’, ni ukuvuga ngo iki kibazo hari ukundi kizakemuka, njyewe nka Patrick Karuretwa akazi kanjye ni ugukomeza ibyo nakoraga nk’umusirikare mutoya. Ako kanya twari guhita dutangira. Ni ikintu gikomeye cyane kumva ubuyobozi bushobora kugira igitekerezo, agatanga amabwiriza kandi bose bakayagenderaho. Ni ibintu bidasanzwe.”
Nyuma yo guhagarika Jenoside no kubohora igihugu ku wa 4 Nyakanga 1994, igihugu cyahise gihura n’undi mukoro utoroshye: kubaka igihugu cyari cyarasenyutse no gushinga igisirikare gishya gihuza Abanyarwanda.
Kimwe mu byatangaje benshi icyo gihe ni icyemezo cyo kwakira no kwinjiza mu gisirikare gishya bamwe mu bahoze ari abasirikare ba Ex-FAR batari bahunze igihugu.
Karuretwa yavuze ko iyo aza kubazwa icyo gihe impamvu y’icyo cyemezo, na we atari kukumva.
Yagize ati: “Kwinjiza Ex-FAR muri RDF. Iyo ubibaza nka Patrick Karuretwa ari Private cyangwa Corporal muri iyo myaka, nanjye nari kuba mfite urujijo rwose, ntabyumva kuko ni abantu twari duhanganye. Ariko iyo ubirebye uyu munsi, ubumwe n’ubwiyunge usanga ari ikintu gikomeye cyane mu Rwanda rw’uyu munsi, byatangiye icyo gihe.”
Yasobanuye ko no mu gihe cy’urugamba hari abasirikare ba Ex-FAR bafashwe bagahabwa amahirwe yo kwinjira muri RPA, bagakomeza kubahwa no kugumana amapeti yabo.
Ati: “Byatanze ubutumwa bukomeye cyane kuri Ex-FAR ariko no kuri sosiyete nyarwanda, ko umwanzi atari umuntu. Umwanzi ntabwo ari wowe musirikare, umwanzi ni imiyoborere mibi. Iyo uyivuyemo, ukadusanga, ntabwo uba ukiri umwanzi na gatoya. Bwari ubutumwa bukomeye cyane bwasabaga icyerekezo abenshi batagiraga kuko wibuke ko muri Ex-FAR babigishaga ko umwanzi yari Umututsi.”
Nk’uko Karuretwa abivuga, ubutumwa bwa Perezida Paul Kagame bwigishaga ko urugamba rutari urwo kurwanya abantu ahubwo rwari urwo kurwanya imiyoborere mibi, ni bwo bwafashije abasirikare gusobanukirwa intego nyakuri y’urugamba.
Ati: “Ibyo byaradufashije kuko bamwe muri abo basirikare binjiye muri RPA no muri RDF, babaye abasirikare beza cyane. N’ubu hari abanyobora utakwibaza ko bigeze baba muri iyo miyoborere mibi ireba Umututsi nk’umwanzi. Ni ibintu icyo gihe byari bigoye kugira ngo ube wabitekereza, ukabishyira mu bikorwa ariko nyuma y’imyaka ingahe hari igihe nibaza, iyo tutabikora, tuba turi hehe?”
Nyuma y’imyaka 32 Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ihagaritswe, Ingabo z’u Rwanda zikomeje gushimwa kubera ubunyamwuga, imyitwarire n’uburyo zigira uruhare mu kubungabunga amahoro haba imbere mu gihugu no mu bikorwa mpuzamahanga.
Ku bantu benshi, amateka Brig Gen Karuretwa yavuze agaragaza ko kimwe mu byafashije u Rwanda kuva mu mwijima wa Jenoside kikagera ku bumwe n’ubwiyunge bw’uyu munsi, atari intsinzi yo ku rugamba gusa, ahubwo ari n’icyemezo gikomeye cyo kwanga kwihorera no gushyira imbere kubaka igihugu gishya kirangwa n’ubumuntu, ubutabera n’ubwiyunge.
Tubibutse ko mushobora gukomeza kudukurikirana ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.
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