Inkuru nshya y’iperereza igaragaza urujijo n’impaka zikomeje kwiyongera ku ruhare rw’ibigo by’Abanyamerika mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, aho hari ibimenyetso by’uko hari amakuru ashobora kuba yarahimbwe cyangwa agahindurwa mu nyungu z’ishoramari n’inyungu za politiki.
Ibi bibaye mu gihe ubuyobozi bwa Amerika bwari buyobowe na Donald Trump bwashyize imbaraga mu gushora imari mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro y’ingenzi muri Congo, hagamijwe kugabanya ububasha bw’u Bushinwa bumaze igihe kirekire buyigaruriye.
Ikigo Virtus Minerals kiri mu byagaragaye cyane muri uru rwego, nyuma yo kugura imigabane mu birombe bya Chemaf ku gaciro ka miliyoni 30 z’amadolari.
Ku rubuga rwacyo, iki kigo cyagaragaje ko gifite uburambe bukomeye muri Congo, harimo no gutunga uruganda rutunganya umuringa na cobalt.
Nyamara, iperereza ryakozwe ryerekanye ibinyuranye n’ibyo Virtus yatangaje. Amakuru aturuka mu nyandiko z’iyi sosiyete, iz’urukiko ndetse n’abantu bafite ubumenyi kuri iki kibazo, yagaragaje ko uburambe uruganda Virtus yavugaga rutabwigeze kandi ko rwanahagaritse ibikorwa kuva mu 2012.
Amasezerano ya Chemaf yafatwaga nk’intambwe ya mbere mu bufatanye bwa Amerika na Congo mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro. Washington yari yemeye gufasha Congo gukurura abashoramari b’Abanyamerika, ndetse igamije no guhangana n’ingaruka z’igihe kirekire u Bushinwa bumaze yo.
Umwe mu bayobozi bakuru ba Congo utifuje ko amazina ye atangazwa yavuze ko uburambe mu by’umutekano bw’abayobozi ba Virtus ari bwo bwagize uruhare rukomeye mu kwemererwa ayo masezerano, ati: “Hari icyizere cyari cyashyizwe mu mikoranire n’Abanyamerika, cyane cyane mu gihe Washington yari iri guhuza Congo n’u Rwanda.”
Nubwo ibyo byose byari byitezweho gutanga umusaruro, Virtus ntiyigeze isobanura ku makuru ayishinja gutangaza uburambe idafite. Minisiteri y’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro ya Congo na Gécamines na byo ntibyigeze bitanga ibisobanuro kuri iki kibazo.
Ku ruhande rwa Amerika, Minisiteri y’ububanyi n’amahanga yavuze ko “ishyigikiye byimazeyo” ibikorwa bya Virtus Minerals.
Umuvugizi wayo yagize ati: “Uku kugura kuzaba nk’ishoramari rya mbere rya Amerika muri DRC, kugira ngo yerekane ko inyungu z’abikorera bo muri Amerika ari iz’ukuri kandi ko zizateza imbere ishoramari kurushaho.”
Icyakora, impuguke mu micungire y’umutungo kamere zatangiye kwibaza ku mucyo w’ayo masezerano. Jean-Pierre Okenda, Umuyobozi Mukuru w’umuryango uharanira imiyoborere myiza mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, yavuze ko hakenewe ubushishozi bwinshi.
Ati: “Ni ngombwa ko Guverinoma ya DRC yizera neza ko Virtus ifite ubushobozi bwa tekiniki, imari ndetse n’imikorere.”
Iperereza ryanagaragaje ko imwe mu nkingi Virtus yishingikirizaho, ari yo sosiyete ROK Metals, nayo ifite amateka adasobanutse. Nubwo yavugaga ko ifite uruganda rutunganya umuringa na cobalt i Likasi, ukuri ni uko uru ruganda rutigeze rugurwa.
Icyemezo cy’urukiko rwa Likasi cyo muri Gicurasi 2024 cyagaragaje ko kugurisha uru ruganda byagiye bisubikwa inshuro nyinshi kubera abapiganwa bananiwe kwishyura amafaranga yose. Umwe mu bayobozi mu bucamanza yemeje ko uru ruganda rukiri mu maboko ya CAM Resources kandi rutigeze rusubukura ibikorwa.
Nubwo bimeze bityo, ROK Metals yakomeje gutangaza ko ibikorwa bikomeje. Urubuga rwayo rwasobanuraga ko “gutunganya umuringa na cobalt i Likasi” bikomeje, ndetse ko umusaruro wari witezwe mu mpera za 2023.
Mu rwego rwo gushyigikira ayo makuru, mu Kamena 2024, ikigo cya Amerika gishinzwe iterambere, USAID, cyatangaje ko cyahaye ROK Metals inkunga ya miliyoni 2 z’amadolari. Itangazo ryacyo ryavugaga ko ari “uruganda rutunganya umuringa na cobalt muri Congo muri Likasi rufite ishoramari ry’abikorera bo muri Amerika.”
Ariko inyandiko zasuzumwe zagaragaje ko iyo nkunga yahagaritswe muri Kanama 2024. Nubwo impamvu itatangajwe ku mugaragaro, hari amakuru avuga ko byatewe n’uko USAID yamenye ko ROK Metals itigeze igira urwo ruganda, binyuranye n’ibyo yari yaratangaje.
Ndetse na nyuma y’aho, bivugwa ko abayobozi ba ROK Metals bakomeje kohereza amakuru mashya kuri USAID bavuga ko igikorwa cyo kugura uruganda kiri kurangira, nubwo nta gihamya ifatika yari ihari.
Aya makuru yose agaragaza ibibazo bikomeye ku mucyo n’ubunyamwuga mu masezerano y’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro hagati ya Congo n’abashoramari mpuzamahanga.
Mu gihe Congo itanga 70% bya cobalt ikoreshwa ku isi, hakomeje kwibazwa niba inyungu z’iki gihugu n’abaturage bacyo zishyirwa imbere mu masezerano nk’aya, cyangwa niba hari inyungu z’ibihugu bikomeye ziri kuruta iz’abaturage.
Iperereza rikomeza kugaragaza ko nubwo hari ubushake bwo kuzamura ishoramari, hari icyuho mu igenzura n’ubugenzuzi bushobora gutuma umutungo kamere wa Congo ukoreshwa mu buryo butagaragara neza, bigashyira igihugu mu kaga ko gukomeza kugendera ku masezerano atizewe neza.
Tubibutse ko mushobora gukomeza kudukurikirana ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.
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