Icyemezo cya Leta ya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) cyo guhagarika ikoreshwa ry’Amadolari n’andi mafaranga mvamahanga mu kwishyura serivisi zose guhera tariki ya 9 Mata 2027, cyakuruye impaka ndende haba mu gihugu imbere no ku rwego mpuzamahanga, aho by’umwihariko cyarakaje Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zisanzwe zifitanye na Kinshasa umubano ugoye wuzuyemo inyungu z’ubukungu n’iza politiki.
Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru ya RDC, André Wameso, ni we watangaje ku mugaragaro iyi gahunda igamije guhindura imikorere y’ifaranga muri iki gihugu, ashimangira ko igihe kigeze ngo igihugu kigarure agaciro k’ifaranga ryacyo no kugabanya ubukana bwo kwishingikiriza ku madolari y’Amerika yari amaze igihe kinini yigaruriye ubucuruzi n’imibereho ya buri munsi.
Yagize ati: “Guhera tariki ya 9 Mata 2027, nta muntu uzaba yemerewe gutanga cyangwa kwishyura serivisi mu mafaranga mvamahanga.”
Iki cyemezo kije mu gihe Amadolari yari yarabaye nk’ifaranga nyamukuru mu buzima bw’Abanye-Congo, aho Banki Nkuru igaragaza ko akoreshwa hafi 90% mu bikorwa bya buri munsi, uretse gusa mu kwishyura imishahara y’abakozi ba Leta.
Impamvu nyamukuru yabyo ni ihindagurika rikabije ry’agaciro k’ifaranga ry’igihugu, aho mu 2010 Idolari rimwe ryavunjwaga Amafaranga ya Congo 920, ariko mu 2026 rikaba rigeze kuri 2300.
Mu gusobanura impamvu y’iki cyemezo, Wameso yigeze no kubwira ikinyamakuru The Bloomberg ko gukoresha cyane amafaranga mvamahanga biri mu bituma ubukungu bwa RDC budindira, cyane ko igihugu gikura byinshi mu mahanga kurusha ibyo cyoherezayo.
Yanagaragaje ko Banki Nkuru yakunze kudahabwa ubwigenge buhagije bwo gushyira mu bikorwa politiki z’ifaranga zifasha igihugu.
Nubwo ubuyobozi bwa RDC bugaragaza iki cyemezo nk’intambwe ikomeye yo kwigenga mu bukungu no kubaka ifaranga rikomeye, ku ruhande rwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, byafashwe nk’icyemezo gishobora guhungabanya inyungu zayo zikomeye muri iki gihugu gikungahaye ku mutungo kamere.
Mu myaka ya 2025 na 2026, Amerika yari yashyize imbaraga nyinshi mu kubaka ubufatanye na RDC, cyane cyane mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro bufite agaciro gakomeye ku masoko mpuzamahanga.
Perezida Félix Tshisekedi yari yanagaragaje ko igihugu cye gishobora kungukira mu masezerano n’amasosiyete y’Abanyamerika ashaka gushora imari mu mutungo kamere ubarirwa muri miliyari ibihumbi 24 by’Amadolari.
Ibi byari byarajyanye n’ingamba za Amerika zo kongera ijambo ryayo mu karere ka Afurika yo hagati no guhangana n’ibindi bihugu bikomeye bishaka kugenzura umutungo wa RDC.
Ariko icyemezo cyo guca Amadolari mu bucuruzi cyasobanuwe n’abasesenguzi bamwe nk’igikorwa gishobora kugabanya uruhare rw’ifaranga ry’Amerika muri ubu bukungu, bikaba byagira ingaruka ku masosiyete yayo n’ishoramari ryayo.
Byongeye kandi, iki cyemezo kije mu gihe umubano wa RDC na Amerika wari usanzwe urimo ibibazo bishingiye ku mutekano mu burasirazuba bwa Congo no ku buryo bwo kubikemura.
Amerika, ku butegetsi bwa Perezida Donald Trump, yari yaragize uruhare rukomeye mu buhuza hagati ya RDC n’u Rwanda, hagamijwe kugera ku masezerano y’amahoro.
Mu 2025, impande zombi zemeranyije ku mahame yagombaga kuvamo amasezerano y’amahoro yasinyiwe i Washington muri Kamena uwo mwaka.
Amerika yakomeje kandi gushyira igitutu kuri RDC isaba ko yakemura ikibazo cy’imitwe yitwaje intwaro irimo FDLR ndetse igashyigikira ibiganiro na M23 kugira ngo amahoro agaruke mu burasirazuba bw’igihugu.
Muri Werurwe 2026, yanasabye impande zihanganye guhagarika imirwano n’ubugizi bwa nabi bukorerwa abaturage.
Ibi byose byatumaga umubano uba nk’uri ku munzani, aho ubufatanye mu bukungu bwaje buhura n’ibibazo bya politiki n’umutekano. Icyemezo cyo guca Amadolari kikaba cyongeyeho igitutu, kuko gifatwa nk’icyemezo cya politiki gifite ingaruka zirenze iz’ubukungu gusa.
Abasesenguzi mpuzamahanga bagaragaza ko Amerika ishobora kuba ibona iki cyemezo nk’intambwe ishobora kugabanya ubushobozi bwayo bwo kugenzura no kugira ijambo ku bukungu bwa RDC, cyane cyane mu gihe ifaranga ryayo ritakiri mu buzima bwa buri munsi bw’ubucuruzi muri iki gihugu.
Ku ruhande rwa RDC, iki cyemezo gishobora gufatwa nk’igerageza ryo kwigenga no kugabanya igitutu cy’amahanga, ariko kikaba gifite n’ingaruka zishobora kuba zikomeye mu gihe kitateguwe neza, zirimo ihungabana ry’isoko n’icyizere cy’abashoramari.
Icyakora, uko byagenda kose, guca Amadolari mu gihugu cyari kimaze imyaka myinshi kiyishingikirijeho ni icyemezo gikomeye kizagira ingaruka ndende ku bukungu bwa RDC, ku mubano wayo n’ibihugu bikomeye nka Amerika, ndetse no ku miterere y’ubucuruzi mu karere kose.
Tubibutse ko mushobora gukomeza kudukurikirana ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.
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