Mu gihe umutekano mu Burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) ukomeje kuzamo ibibazo bikomeye, amaso y’isi yose ayahanze i Washington D.C., aho hatangiye ibiganiro by’ingenzi bigiye guhuza u Rwanda, RDC na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.
Ibi biganiro biri kuba mu bihe bikomeye, aho imirwano ikomeje gufata indi ntera, ndetse n’umwuka mubi hagati y’ibihugu byombi ukarushaho kwiyongera.
Ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda, Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga, Olivier Nduhungirehe, yemeje ko itsinda ry’abayobozi bakuru ryamaze kugera i Washington kugira ngo ryitabire ibi biganiro by’inyabutatu. Ni ibiganiro bifatwa nk’intambwe nshya mu gushaka igisubizo kirambye ku bibazo by’umutekano bimaze imyaka myinshi mu karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari.
Ibi biganiro bije bikurikira ibihe byaranzwe n’imirwano ikaze mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC, aho ingabo za Leta n’imitwe bifatanyije byagabye ibitero ku mutwe wa M23, birimo n’icyahitanye uwari Umuvugizi wawo, Lt Col Willy Ngoma.
Hari kandi n’ibitero by’indege zitagira abapilote (drones) byateje impagarara, birimo n’icyahitanye umukozi wa UNICEF i Goma, ibintu byazamuye impungenge ku mutekano w’abasivile n’abakozi mpuzamahanga.
Ku ruhande rwa Amerika, ibi biganiro biri kuyoborwa n’inzego zirimo Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga ndetse n’Inama y’Umutekano w’Igihugu (National Security Council), ku buyobozi bwa Perezida Donald Trump.
Washington yashyize imbaraga mu guhuza impande zombi, igamije gusuzuma ibibazo byugarije amasezerano y’amahoro aheruka gusinywa mu mpera za 2025, ndetse no gushaka inzira yo guhagarika imirwano.
Ibi biganiro ni nabyo bya mbere bihuje impande zombi ku mugaragaro muri Amerika kuva hafatwa ibihano bikomeye byibasiye Ingabo z’u Rwanda (RDF) ndetse n’abasirikare bakuru bane. U Rwanda rwamaganye ibyo bihano ruvuga ko bibogamye, rukemeza ko bidashobora gutanga umuti urambye ku bibazo by’umutekano.
Amakuru aturuka mu nzego zitandukanye agaragaza ko mu bazitabira ibiganiro harimo n’abayobozi bafite uburambe mu bya dipolomasi n’umutekano, barimo umujyanama wa Perezida w’u Rwanda ndetse n’abashinzwe ubutwererane bwa gisirikare. Ku ruhande rwa RDC, biteganyijwe ko hazitabira intumwa zihariye za Perezida Félix Tshisekedi, zirimo Patrick Lubeya.
Nubwo ibiganiro byitezweho byinshi, impamvu zishingiye ku mateka zikomeje kuba imbogamizi ikomeye. Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 yasize akarere mu bibazo bikomeye by’umutekano, aho imitwe yitwaje intwaro ikomeje gukorera mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC, irimo na FDLR ifitanye isano n’abagize uruhare muri Jenoside. Ibi byatumye ikibazo kirushaho kuba ingorabahizi, kigahuzwa n’inyungu za politiki n’ubukungu by’ibihugu bitandukanye.
Amerika ishinja u Rwanda gushyigikira umutwe wa M23, mu gihe u Rwanda rwo rushinja RDC gukorana na FDLR. Ibi birego byombi byakomeje gutuma umubano w’ibihugu byombi urushaho kuzamo agatotsi, ndetse bigatuma n’ibikorwa bya gisirikare bikomeza gukaza umurego.
Ku rundi ruhande, hari impungenge ko gushyira igitutu ku ruhande rumwe gusa bishobora guteza izindi ngaruka zitifuzwa, zirimo kongera ubukana bw’imirwano no gushyira mu kaga abasivile. Abasesenguzi mpuzamahanga bagaragaza ko igisubizo kirambye kizava gusa mu biganiro byimbitse, birimo no gukemura ibibazo by’umuzi w’aya makimbirane.
Ibi biganiro kandi biri kubera mu cyumweru cyuzuyemo ibikorwa bikomeye i Washington, birimo inama mpuzamahanga ya “Powering Africa Summit,” izahuza abayobozi ba Afurika n’abashoramari, baganira ku iterambere ry’ingufu n’ubufatanye mu bukungu.
Abaminisitiri baturutse mu bihugu birimo u Rwanda, Uganda na RDC biteganyijwe ko bazayitabira, hagamijwe guteza imbere ishoramari, cyane cyane mu bijyanye n’ingufu zirimo n’ibikomoka kuri peteroli.
Muri icyo gihe kandi, Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ya Amerika iri kuganira ku cyerekezo cya politiki yayo kuri Afurika, hibandwa ku bufatanye mpuzamahanga, ubucuruzi n’umutekano. Ibi byose bigaragaza ko Afurika, by’umwihariko akarere k’Ibiyaga Bigari, iri mu byo Amerika iri gushyira imbere muri politiki yayo y’igihe kiri imbere.
Nubwo hari icyizere cy’uko ibi biganiro bishobora gutanga umusaruro, inzira igana ku mahoro iracyari ndende. Ibibazo byimbitse birimo amateka y’intambara, inyungu z’ubukungu n’ubushyamirane bwa politiki bikomeje kuba inzitizi zikomeye.
Icyakora, kuba impande zombi zongeye kwicarana ku meza y’ibiganiro ni ikimenyetso cy’uko hari ubushake bwo gushaka amahoro, nubwo bitazoroha.
Tubibutse ko mushobora gukomeza kudukurikirana ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.
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