Mu gihe umutekano mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo ukomeje kuzamba umunsi ku wundi, impungenge zirushaho kwiyongera ku ruhande rw’u Burundi, aho hashobora gufatwa icyemezo gikomeye cyo kongera gufunga imupaka ihuza iki gihugu n’umujyi wa Uvira.
Ibi bije mu gihe imirwano hagati ya AFC/M23 n’ihuriro ry’ingabo za Leta ya Kinshasa ikomeje gufata indi ntera.
Kugeza magingo aya, umupaka munini wa Gatumba–Uvira uracyafunguye ku mugaragaro, nyuma y’uko u Burundi buwufunguye ku wa 23 Gashyantare 2026. Iki cyemezo cyari cyafashwe nyuma y’amezi arenga abiri uwo mupaka ufunze kubera umutekano mucye wari watewe n’imirwano mu mujyi wa Uvira.
Mu byumweru byashize, ubuyobozi bw’u Burundi bwari bwatangaje ko bwafashe icyemezo cyo gufungura uwo mupaka nyuma y’uko ingabo za Leta ya Congo, FARDC, zisubije umujyi wa Uvira, ndetse n’inyeshamba za AFC/M23 zikaba zari ziwuvuyemo mu ntangiriro za Mutarama 2026. Icyo gihe byagaragazaga ko hari icyizere cy’ituze cyari gitangiye kugaruka.
Gusa uko iminsi ishira, ibintu byongeye guhindura isura. Amakuru mashya ava ku rugamba agaragaza ko inyeshamba za AFC/M23 zongeye gusatira umujyi wa Uvira, zifata ibice by’ingenzi birimo Kirungu na Mitamba, bikomeje gushyira uwo mujyi mu kato.
Abakurikirana ibya gisirikare bavuga ko uburyo izi nyeshamba zikoresha buzwi nka “amahembe y’inka” (cow-horn formation), aho zigerageza kugota umujyi ziwufungira inzira zose z’ubutaka. Kugeza ubu, inzira imwe gusa isigaye ifunguye ni iy’amazi yo mu kiyaga cya Tanganyika, yerekeza mu Burundi.
Ni ibintu biteye inkeke ikomeye ku Burundi, cyane cyane ko umujyi wa Uvira uri hafi cyane y’umupaka wabwo. kubera ko imirwano yegereye cyane ako gace, bishobora guteza umutekano muke ku butaka bw’u Burundi, bikaba byatuma hafatwa icyemezo cyo kongera gufunga umupaka.
Amakuru ava mu nzego z’umutekano agaragaza ko imirwano ikomeye yabereye mu duce twa Biriba na Runingu, ndetse umuhanda munini RN5 uhuza Bukavu na Uvira ukaba warafunzwe kubera izo ntambara. Uyu muhanda ufite akamaro kanini mu gutwara abantu n’ibintu, bityo kuwufunga bikaba byongera ubukana bw’ikibazo.
Ku rundi ruhande, abaturage batuye mu nkengero za Uvira bakomeje guhunga ari benshi, bamwe berekeza ku mupaka w’u Burundi, ibintu bishobora gutuma habaho umuvundo w’impunzi ushobora guteza ibibazo by’umutekano n’imibereho.
U Burundi bwagiye bugaragaza kenshi ko umutekano wabwo ari wo uza imbere ya byose. Mu bihe byashize, bwafunze uwo mupaka bugamije gukumira ko inyeshamba zinjira ku butaka bwabwo, ndetse no kurinda abaturage babwo ingaruka z’intambara.
Ikindi kintu gikomeye gishobora gutuma uwo mupaka wongera gufungwa ni uruhare rw’ingabo z’u Burundi mu burasirazuba bwa Congo. Izi ngabo ziri mu bikorwa byo kurwanya inyeshamba, bityo imirwano ikomeje gukaza umurego ishobora gutuma ubuyobozi bw’u Burundi bufata ingamba zikomeye zo kurinda imbibi zabwo.
Hari kandi impungenge z’uko inyeshamba za AFC/M23 zishobora kwegera cyane umupaka, cyangwa se zikagerageza kuwurenga, ibintu bishobora guteza ikibazo gikomeye mu mutekano w’u Burundi.
Mu rwego rwa politiki n’ububanyi n’amahanga, kuba ibiganiro by’amahoro bikomeje kuba bike cyangwa bikagenda gahoro, nabyo bishobora kugira uruhare mu gufata icyemezo cyo gufunga umupaka. Iyo ibiganiro bitagenze neza, ibihugu nk’u Burundi bikunze gufata ingamba zo kwirinda, zirimo no gufunga imipaka.
Amakuru kandi avuga ko ubuyobozi bwa Kivu y’Amajyepfo bwamaze gusaba abayobozi bakuru gusubira muri Uvira kugira ngo bafashe mu gutegura ingamba zo guhangana n’izi nyeshamba. Ibi bigaragaza ko ubuyobozi bwa Congo nabwo buri kugerageza gukumira ko uwo mujyi ufatwa burundu.
Gusa abasesenguzi bavuga ko uko AFC/M23 ikomeje kwegera Uvira, ari nako ibyago byo gufungwa k’umupaka w’u Burundi bigenda byiyongera. Ibi biterwa n’uko u Burundi budashobora kwemera ko intambara yegera cyane imbibi zabwo.
Ku rundi ruhande, abafite ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi hagati y’u Burundi na Congo batangaza ko gufungura umupaka byari byatanze agahenge, kuko ubuhahirane bwari bwongeye gusubukurwa. Ariko ubu bafite impungenge ko bishobora gusubira inyuma.
Iyo umupaka ufunze, ingaruka zigaragara cyane ku bucuruzi, ubwikorezi n’imibereho y’abaturage b’ibihugu byombi, cyane cyane abawuturiye.
Nubwo nta cyemezo kirafatwa ku mugaragaro cyo kongera gufunga uwo mupaka, ibimenyetso byose bigaragaza ko bishobora kuba igihe icyo ari cyo cyose, bitewe n’uko imirwano iri kugenda ihinduka.
Perezida w’u Burundi, Evariste Ndayishimiye, asanzwe azwiho gufata ibyemezo bikomeye bijyanye n’umutekano w’igihugu, cyane cyane mu bihe by’intambara ziri hafi y’imbibi zacyo.
Uko ibintu bihagaze ubu, icyizere cy’uko umupaka uzakomeza gufungurwa kiracyari gito, cyane ko imirwano ikomeje kwegera Uvira, kandi nta kimenyetso kigaragaza ko ishobora guhagarara vuba.
Mu gihe abaturage bategereje icyemezo kizafatwa, amaso yose ahanzwe ku buyobozi bw’u Burundi, harebwa niba buzahitamo gukomeza gufungura umupaka mu nyungu z’ubucuruzi, cyangwa se bukawufunga.
Icyo cyemezo, uko cyaba kimeze kose, kizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku karere kose, cyane cyane ku baturage basanzwe baba ku mupaka, bakaba ari bo bahura n’ingaruka zose z’intambara n’icyemezo cya politiki gifatwa hejuru yabo.
Tubibutse ko mushobora gukomeza kudukurikirana ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.
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