Mu gihe u Rwanda rukomeje guhangana n’ikibazo cy’ubutaka bugenda buba buke ugereranyije n’ubwiyongere bw’abaturage, ubuyobozi buri gutegura impinduka zikomeye mu buryo bwo gushyingura, zigamije kunoza imikoreshereze y’amarimbi no kugabanya ibiciro abaturage batanga bashyingura ababo.
Ugeze ku irimbi rusange rya Rusororo mu Mujyi wa Kigali, uhasanga buri munsi hari ibikorwa byo gushyingura, kuva ku wa Mbere kugera ku Cyumweru.
Ikigaragara cyane ni uko imva nyinshi zubakishijwe sima, amakaro na béton ku buryo zimara imyaka irenga 20 zigihagaze neza nk’izubatswe ejo. Ibi bituma ubutaka bukoreshwa nabi kuko imva imwe itongera gukoreshwa mu gihe kirekire.
Mu muco nyarwanda, irimbi rifatwa nk’aho umuntu aruhukira bwa nyuma. Mu bihe byashize, abantu bashyingurwaga mu gitaka, bagashyirwaho umusaraba cyangwa indabo, nyuma igihe kikagenda, aho hantu hakamera ibimera cyangwa ibiti. Nyamara uko imyaka yagiye ishira, uburyo bwo kubaka imva zifatika bwatumye amarimbi afata umwanya munini kandi ntashobore kongera gukoreshwa vuba.
Itegeko risanzwe rigena ko imva igomba kuba ifite uburebure butarenze metero 2,5, ubugari bwa santimetero 80 n’ubujyakuzimu bwa metero ebyiri. Rinemerera ko abantu bashobora gushyingurwa mu mva imwe, amasanduku agerekeranye, ariko bigakorwa hubahirijwe ubujyakuzimu bwagenwe.
Gusa ubu hari umushinga mushya w’itegeko uri gutegurwa uzahindura byinshi muri ubu buryo. Uwo mushinga uteganya ko gushyingura bizajya bikorwa mu gitaka gusa, hatemerewe kongera kubaka imva zifashisha ibikoresho biramba nka béton cyangwa amakaro. Ahashyinguwe hazajya hatunganywa neza hashyirwemo ibyatsi, indabo n’ibiti, hagashyirwamo n’inzira zorohereza abahasura.
Ikindi gishya ni uko hazashyirwaho uburyo bwo gushyingura mu nyubako zabugenewe, zishobora kuba zicukurwa mu kuzimu cyangwa zubakwa zijya hejuru. Izi nyubako zizajya zigira ahantu hagenewe gushyirwamo amasanduku y’abitabye Imana, ariko buri sanduku ikaba izajya imara aho imyaka itarenze 10. Nyuma y’iyo myaka, hashobora gushyirwamo undi murambo.
Abahanga bavuga ko muri ubu buryo hakoreshwa imiti ituma umubiri ubora vuba, ku buryo nyuma y’iyo myaka nta bisigazwa bigaragara biba bikirimo. Ibi bizatuma inyubako imwe ishobora kwakira abantu benshi mu bihe bitandukanye, bikagabanya cyane ubutaka bwari busanzwe bukenewe.
Hari kandi uburyo bwo gutwika imirambo (cremation), bumaze igihe buteganywa n’amategeko kuva mu 2015, kandi buzagumaho. Nubwo butarakoreshwa cyane mu Rwanda, imibare igaragaza ko kugeza ubu abantu 28 ari bo bamaze gutwikirwa, barimo Umunyarwanda umwe gusa.
Abayobozi bavuga ko izi mpinduka zije gukemura ibibazo byinshi. Harimo igiciro cyo gushyingura gikomeje kuzamuka, cyane cyane mu mijyi aho usanga kubaka imva bihenze cyane. Mu cyaro ho, aho ubutaka akenshi buba ari ubwa Leta, abaturage basabwa gusa kwishyura ibijyanye no gutunganya umurambo.
Ku ruhande rw’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka, izi mpinduka zizagira uruhare runini. Abashinzwe ubutaka bavuga ko mu gihe iri tegeko ryakwemezwa, ubutaka bwakoreshwaga mu gushyingura bushobora kugabanuka kugera kuri kimwe cya kabiri.
Ibi bivuze ko ahantu hashoboraga gushyingurwamo abantu mu myaka 10 hashobora kuzakoreshwa imyaka 20, cyangwa se igihe cyari gikenewe ngo irimbi ryongere gukoreshwa kikagabanuka kikagera ku myaka 10.
Nanone kandi, umushinga uteganya ko mu bihe bidasanzwe, nk’igihe abantu benshi bapfiriye hamwe, nko mu miryango imwe, bashobora gushyingurwa mu mva imwe, mu rwego rwo kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ubutaka no koroshya gahunda zo gushyingura.
Kugeza ubu, ikibazo cy’amarimbi yuzura vuba kiracyahangayikishije. Urugero rugaragara ni irimbi rya Rusororo, ryari riteganyijwe kuzura mu 2029, ariko rikaba ryaraguriwe imbibi inshuro eshatu, kandi n’ubu rikaba risigaranye ubutaka butageze kuri hegitari imwe bushobora kumara amezi atarenze arindwi.
Izi mpinduka zitezweho guhindura cyane uburyo Abanyarwanda babonaga gushyingura, zigashyira imbere gukoresha neza ubutaka, kugabanya ibiciro no gutunganya amarimbi mu buryo bujyanye n’igihe. Nubwo bishobora gusaba impinduka mu mitekerereze n’umuco, abenshi bemeza ko ari intambwe ikenewe mu kubaka igihugu kirambye kandi gitekereza ku hazaza.
Tubibutse ko mushobora gukomeza kudukurikirana ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.
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