Icyiciro cya cyenda cy’ibiganiro hagati ya Guverinoma ya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo n’impande zihuriye mu ihuriro rya AFC/M23 cyatangiye kuri uyu wa Mbere tariki ya 13 Mata, kibera mu Busuwisi, aho impande zombi zigerageza gushaka ibisubizo by’ibibazo by’umutekano bimaze imyaka igera kuri itanu mu burasirazuba bw’icyo gihugu.
Ni ibiganiro bifatwa nk’intambwe ikomeye, kuko bije mu gihe umwuka ukomeje kuba mubi ku rugamba, buri ruhande rushinja urundi gukomeza kurenga ku masezerano y’agahenge yari yarashyizweho mbere ariko ntashyirwe mu bikorwa uko bikwiye.
Ingingo ya mbere iri ku isonga ni iy’igenzura ry’agahenge (cessez-le-feu), aho impande zombi zitezweho kumvikana ku buryo buhamye bwo kugenzura ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryaryo. Mu gihe AFC/M23 ishinja Kinshasa gukomeza ibitero byo mu kirere mu bice igenzura, by’umwihariko mu turere twiganjemo Abanyamulenge muri Kivu y’Amajyepfo, Kinshasa na yo igashinja uwo mutwe gukomeza ibikorwa by’intambara, bigatuma icyizere cy’agahenge gikomeza kuyoyoka.
Mu rwego rwo gushaka umuti urambye, hitezwe ko hazashyirwaho uburyo bwihariye bwo gukurikirana agahenge, bushobora guhabwa inshingano ingabo ziri mu butumwa bw’amahoro bw’Umuryango w’Abibumbye (MONUSCO) ndetse n’imiryango yo mu karere, hagamijwe kugabanya ihohoterwa rikomeje kwibasira abasivili.
Indi ngingo ikomeye ni iy’irekurwa ry’imfungwa, ikibazo kimaze igihe kirekire kidashyirwa mu bikorwa nubwo cyagiye cyemeranywaho mu byiciro byabanje by’ibiganiro.
AFC/M23 yigeze gutangaza ko ishobora kurekura imfungwa zirenga ibihumbi bitanu, ariko ishinja Kinshasa kutohereza abaza kuzifata. Ku rundi ruhande, Leta ya Congo ivuga ko hari urujijo ku rutonde rw’abagomba kurekurwa, cyane cyane kubera ko harimo n’abarwanyi ba Wazalendo, bigatuma ikibazo gikomeza kudindira.
Muri ibi biganiro, hitezwe ko hazafatwa imyanzuro isobanutse ku mubare w’abagomba kurekurwa n’uburyo bizakorwa, ku bufatanye n’Umuryango Mpuzamahanga utabara imbabare (CICR), kugira ngo habeho icyizere hagati y’impande zombi.
Ikindi kibazo gikomeye kiri ku meza y’ibiganiro ni icy’ubutabazi ku baturage bo mu Ntara za Kivu, aho ingaruka z’intambara zikomeje kwiyongera umunsi ku wundi. Abaturage benshi bakomeje kubura ibiribwa, ubuvuzi n’ubuhungiro, mu gihe ibikorwa by’ubutabazi bikigorwa no kugera aho bikenewe.
Nubwo hari gahunda yo kongera gufungura ikibuga cy’indege cya Goma kugira ngo cyorohereze itangwa ry’imfashanyo, impaka za politiki n’umutekano hagati y’impande zihanganye zikomeje gutuma iyo gahunda idashyirwa mu bikorwa. Ibiganiro byo mu Busuwisi byitezweho gutanga umurongo mushya uzafasha gufungura inzira z’ubutabazi, nubwo inzitizi zigihari.
Abasesenguzi bagaragaza ko nubwo izi ngingo eshatu zifatwa nk’ingenzi, kugera ku masezerano arambye bizasaba igihe n’ubushake bwa politiki ku mpande zombi, cyane ko hakiri ukutumvikana ku bibazo byimbitse birimo imiterere y’ubutegetsi, umutekano n’uburenganzira bw’amoko atandukanye atuye mu burasirazuba bwa Congo.
Gusa uruhare rw’abafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga, by’umwihariko Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, rushobora kugira uruhare rukomeye mu gutuma ibi biganiro bitanga umusaruro ugaragara. Icyizere kiracyahari ko iyi nama ishobora kuba intangiriro y’urugendo rurerure ruganisha ku mahoro arambye, nubwo inzira igana aho ikiri ndende kandi yuzuyemo imbogamizi.
Benshi mu bakurikiranira hafi iki kibazo batunguwe no kuba mu ngingo z’ingenzi zizaganirwaho hatarashyizwemo ihagarikwa ry’intambara burundu, ahubwo hakibandwa gusa ku kugenzura agahenge. Ibi byatumye hibazwa impamvu impande zombi zidashyira imbere igisubizo kirambye cyahagarika burundu imirwano, cyane ko ari cyo cyifuzo gikomeye cy’abaturage bamaze igihe kinini barimo guhura n’ingaruka z’intambara.
Abasesenguzi bamwe bagaragaza ko kudashyira ihagarikwa ry’intambara burundu ku rutonde bishobora kugaragaza ko hakiri ukutumvikana gukomeye hagati ya Kinshasa na AFC/M23 ku buryo bwageza ku mahoro arambye.
Bemeza ko kugenzura agahenge ari intambwe nto ishobora gutanga umwanya wo gukomeza ibiganiro, ariko idatanga icyizere gihagije ku iherezo ry’intambara.
Hari kandi ababona ko iyi nzira ishobora kuba iy’igihe gito, igamije kubanza kugabanya ubukana bw’imirwano no gutuma ibikorwa by’ubutabazi bigera ku baturage, mbere yo kugera ku cyemezo gikomeye cyo guhagarika burundu intambara.
Icyakora, abaturage bo mu bice byibasiwe n’intambara bakomeje gusaba ibisubizo byihuse kandi bifatika, birimo ihagarikwa ry’imirwano ridashidikanywaho.
Tubibutse ko mushobora gukomeza kudukurikirana ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.
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