Intambara imaze imyaka myinshi mu Burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo ikomeje gutwara ubuzima bw’abantu, gusenya ibikorwa remezo no guteza umutekano muke mu karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari. Abasesenguzi b’inararibonye mu bya politiki n’umutekano bemeza ko imwe mu mpamvu nyamukuru zituma iyi ntambara ikomeza gukaza ubukana ari ibyemezo n’imyitwarire bya Perezida Félix Antoine Tshisekedi, byafashwe mu buryo budatekerejweho bihagije.
Nubwo impamvu z’iyi ntambara ari nyinshi kandi zishingiye ku mateka maremare, hari amakosa atatu akunze kugarukwaho cyane nk’ayagize uruhare runini mu gukomeza intambara no kuyihindura ikibazo cy’akarere. Aya makosa ajyanye no guhagarika ibiganiro by’amahoro na M23, guhitamo abafatanyabikorwa mu bya gisirikare mu buryo bugaragaza ivangura, ndetse n’imvugo zikakaye zagize ingaruka ku mubano w’ibihugu by’abaturanyi.
Guhagarika ibiganiro by’amahoro na M23
Ikosa rya mbere rikomeye, nk’uko abasesenguzi babivuga, ni icyemezo cya Perezida Tshisekedi cyo guhagarika ibiganiro by’ibanga byaberaga i Kinshasa hagati ya Leta ya RDC n’umutwe wa M23, byari byaratangiye mbere y’uko ajya ku butegetsi mu mpera za 2019. Ibyo biganiro byari bigamije gushakira umuti urambye ikibazo cy’abarwanyi ba M23, barimo abahoze mu gisirikare cya FARDC basabaga gusubizwa mu nzego z’umutekano.
Guhagarika ibyo biganiro byatewe ahanini n’inama z’abantu bamwe bafatwa nk’abahezanguni, bazwiho imvugo n’imyitwarire irimo urwango ku bavuga Ikinyarwanda, cyane cyane Abatutsi. Aba bagize uruhare mu kumvisha ubutegetsi ko inzira y’amahoro ari intege nke, bakabushishikariza guhitamo inzira ya gisirikare.
Ibyo byatumye FARDC igaba ibitero bikomeye ku birindiro bya M23, cyane cyane mu duce twa Sabyinyo no mu ishyamba ry’Ibirunga. Icyakora, aho gutsinda burundu uwo mutwe, byawuhaye imbaraga nshya zo kwisuganya no kwiyubaka, bituma mu 2021 no mu myaka yakurikiyeho M23 ifata Bunagana n’uduce twinshi twa Rutshuru, Masisi na Nyiragongo, igera hafi y’umujyi wa Goma.
Abakurikirana iyi dosiye bemeza ko iyo Leta ya Tshisekedi ikomeza inzira y’ibiganiro, ikubahiriza amasezerano yo gusubiza abarwanyi ba M23 mu gisirikare, byari kugabanya cyane impamvu z’intambara no kurinda igihugu kumeneka amaraso atabarika.
Guha u Burundi urubuga rwa gisirikare, u Rwanda rugashyirwa ku ruhande
Ikosa rya kabiri ryagarutsweho cyane ni icyemezo cyo guha u Burundi uburenganzira bwo gukorera ibikorwa bya gisirikare ku butaka bwa Congo, mu izina ryo kurwanya imitwe iburwanya, mu gihe u Rwanda rwashyizwe ku ruhande nubwo rumaze imyaka rugaragaza impungenge z’umutekano zishingiye ku mutwe wa FDLR.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko iki cyemezo cyakongeje urwikekwe rukomeye hagati ya Kinshasa na Kigali, bituma u Rwanda rukeka ko hari umugambi uhuriweho wo kurugirira nabi, wihishe inyuma y’imitwe yitwaje intwaro ikorera mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC. Ibi byongereye umwuka mubi mu karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari, bituma icyizere hagati y’ibihugu by’abaturanyi kirushaho kuyoyoka.
Bamwe bemeza ko iyi myitwarire ya Kinshasa yashyizeho urufatiro rw’uko u Rwanda rwakwitegura kwirinda cyangwa guhangana n’ibishobora kurutera biturutse muri RDC, cyane cyane imitwe irimo FDLR imaze imyaka irenga 30 ikorera muri icyo gihugu nta nkomyi ikomeye.
Imvugo zikakaye zakongeje umuriro
Ikosa rya gatatu ni imvugo zikakaye Perezida Tshisekedi yagiye agaragaza mu ruhame, zirimo izivuga ko yiteguye gushyigikira abashaka gukuraho ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda buyobowe na Perezida Paul Kagame. Abasesenguzi mu bya politiki bemeza ko imvugo nk’iyi itari ikwiye umukuru w’igihugu, kuko ituma amakimbirane arushaho gufata isura y’intambara y’akarere.
Izi mvugo zafashwe nk’izishyira mu kaga umutekano w’ibihugu by’abaturanyi, zigaha ishingiro impungenge z’u Rwanda, cyane cyane mu gihe Kinshasa ikomeje gukorana n’imitwe irimo FDLR, u Rwanda rufata nk’ikibazo gikomeye cy’umutekano warwo.
Impungenge ku hazaza h’akarere
Muri rusange, ibyemezo n’imyitwarire bya Perezida Tshisekedi bikomeje gutera impungenge ku hazaza ha RDC n’akarere k’Ibiyaga Bigari. Abasesenguzi bemeza ko amakimbirane ya politiki n’imvugo z’urwango hagati y’abayobozi b’akarere nta kindi byageza ku karere uretse gukomeza guhembera intambara no kudindiza iterambere.
Ni muri urwo rwego hakomeje gusabwa ko abayobozi bo mu karere bashyira imbere ibiganiro byubaka, ubwiyunge n’imikoranire ishingiye ku bwizerane n’inyungu z’abaturage, kuko ari byo byonyine byatanga icyizere cy’amahoro arambye, umutekano n’iterambere muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo no mu karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari muri rusange.
Tubibutse ko mushobora gukomeza kudukurikirana ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.
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